How Duolingo’s Duo Became the Internet’s Favorite (and Most Unhinged) Marketing Genius

In the world of social media-driven brand marketing, few companies have mastered the art of cultural capital quite like Duolingo. The language-learning app’s chaotic, unpredictable, and deeply hilarious approach to PR—largely driven by its mischievous green owl mascot, Duo—has turned it into an internet sensation. From threatening users with push notifications to capitalizing on pop culture’s biggest moments, Duolingo has executed some of the most iconic PR stunts of the past few years.

1. The Dua Lipa Obsession: A Running Internet Gag

Duo’s undying love for pop star Dua Lipa is arguably one of the brand’s most recognizable PR tactics. The company has consistently referenced this “love affair” in its TikToks, tweets, and Instagram posts, often humorously demanding that Dua Lipa complete her lessons. This ongoing gag created an army of fans who played along, tagging the singer in Duolingo’s content and keeping the joke alive. The genius behind this PR strategy? It took an already beloved celebrity and intertwined her with the brand’s quirky persona, generating free engagement from fans and even Dua herself acknowledging the brand.

2. Cyberbullying with Push Notifications

Duolingo’s iconic push notifications became legendary when users began memeing them. Instead of shying away, Duolingo leaned into the joke and personified Duo as a slightly unhinged, passive-aggressive teacher who guilt-tripped users into completing their language lessons. “These reminders don’t go away just like your high school ex,” read one of their cheeky tweets, further fueling the meme. The result? A wave of viral engagement and an identity that positioned Duolingo as the fun (and slightly intimidating) brand that would stop at nothing to ensure language learning happens.

3. The ‘Duo Was Killed by a Cybertruck’ Stunt

One of Duolingo’s most recent PR masterclasses involved an unexpected and dramatic twist: the staged “death” of Duo at the hands of a Tesla Cybertruck. The brand posted a video depicting the beloved green owl being dramatically run over by the vehicle, complete with a fake news-style announcement and social media posts mourning the loss of their mascot.

The internet went into a frenzy, with users sharing their condolences (and memes), while Duolingo leaned into the theatrics, offering a fake reward for the driver’s identity and engaging in playful banter with Tesla fans. By tapping into trending discussions around the Cybertruck’s real-world crashes and online controversies, Duolingo ensured that its stunt reached a massive audience while reinforcing its reputation for unhinged, culture-savvy marketing.

4. The Mandarin Learning Surge Amid the TikTok Ban

In early 2025, as the U.S. government deliberated a potential ban on TikTok due to national security concerns, many American users began migrating to RedNote (also known as Xiaohongshu), a Chinese social media platform. This shift led to a significant increase in interest in Mandarin, with Duolingo reporting a 216% year-over-year spike in U.S.-based users learning the language. The company noted that this surge was notably higher than that of other languages, such as Spanish, which saw a 40% growth in the same period. Duolingo’s playful acknowledgment of this trend, including a TikTok video highlighting the increase in “baddies learning Mandarin,” further cemented its reputation for engaging with current events in a humorous and culturally relevant manner.

5. Making the Mascot a Chaotic Internet Personality

Duo isn’t just a cute mascot—it’s an entire personality that thrives on chaotic energy. The brand’s TikTok page is full of videos featuring Duo breaking into conference rooms, being aggressively sassy, and twerking in the office. By humanizing the mascot in a way that resonates with Gen Z and millennial humor, Duolingo has transformed from just a language-learning tool into a full-fledged internet sensation.

The Secret to Duolingo’s PR Success

So, what makes Duolingo’s PR strategy so effective?

1. Real-time Engagement: Duolingo doesn’t just post content—it actively participates in internet culture, responding to viral moments with speed and wit.
2. Fearlessness: Unlike most brands that play it safe, Duolingo is bold, irreverent, and often delightfully unhinged.
3. Consistency: The brand has built a consistent, recognizable voice that fans actively seek out and engage with.
4. Leveraging Memes: Instead of resisting internet jokes about Duo’s aggressive lesson reminders, Duolingo amplified them, turning a potential criticism into a beloved part of its identity.
5. Pop Culture Integration: From Dua Lipa to the Cybertruck, the brand consistently inserts itself into the most viral cultural moments, keeping it relevant.

What is the Value of PR? How We Can Measure It with Metrics

Public relations isn’t just about generating buzz—it’s about creating measurable impact. While stunts like Duolingo’s can feel purely entertainment-driven, they provide significant business value when measured effectively. PR success can be tracked using several key metrics, including:

• Media Impact Score (MIS): A proprietary metric that assesses the reach, sentiment, and influence of media coverage.
• Trust Score: Gauges brand credibility based on how media outlets and social conversations depict the company.
• Earned Media Value (EMV): Estimates the dollar value of organic media exposure versus paid advertising.
• Social Engagement Metrics: Likes, shares, comments, and virality rates that indicate audience interaction.
• Brand Sentiment Analysis: AI-driven sentiment tracking to measure the emotional impact of PR campaigns.

Applying these metrics to Duolingo’s stunts:

• Dua Lipa Obsession: Achieved high MIS and EMV by integrating into pop culture discussions with sustained engagement.
• Push Notification Memes: Strengthened Trust Score by reinforcing brand personality and positioning Duo as an engaging, recognizable character.
• Cybertruck Stunt: Drove massive social engagement and brand sentiment analysis, leveraging humor to maintain positive perception.
• TikTok Hearing Appearance: Earned significant EMV by securing mainstream media coverage without direct advertising.
• Chaotic Duo Personality on TikTok: Led to long-term audience growth, proving that engagement-based PR strategies can yield sustained results.

By blending humor, pop culture savvy, and a fearless approach to branding—while ensuring measurable PR success—Duolingo has built a playbook that other brands can only dream of replicating. As long as Duo continues to wreak havoc online, one thing is certain: Duolingo will remain a masterclass in viral marketing for years to come.